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+# testing/suite/test_select.py
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+# mypy: ignore-errors
+
+import collections.abc as collections_abc
+import itertools
+
+from .. import AssertsCompiledSQL
+from .. import AssertsExecutionResults
+from .. import config
+from .. import fixtures
+from ..assertions import assert_raises
+from ..assertions import eq_
+from ..assertions import in_
+from ..assertsql import CursorSQL
+from ..schema import Column
+from ..schema import Table
+from ... import bindparam
+from ... import case
+from ... import column
+from ... import Computed
+from ... import exists
+from ... import false
+from ... import ForeignKey
+from ... import func
+from ... import Identity
+from ... import Integer
+from ... import literal
+from ... import literal_column
+from ... import null
+from ... import select
+from ... import String
+from ... import table
+from ... import testing
+from ... import text
+from ... import true
+from ... import tuple_
+from ... import TupleType
+from ... import union
+from ... import values
+from ...exc import DatabaseError
+from ...exc import ProgrammingError
+
+
+class CollateTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("data", String(100)),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.some_table.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "data": "collate data1"},
+ {"id": 2, "data": "collate data2"},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def _assert_result(self, select, result):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ eq_(conn.execute(select).fetchall(), result)
+
+ @testing.requires.order_by_collation
+ def test_collate_order_by(self):
+ collation = testing.requires.get_order_by_collation(testing.config)
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ select(self.tables.some_table).order_by(
+ self.tables.some_table.c.data.collate(collation).asc()
+ ),
+ [(1, "collate data1"), (2, "collate data2")],
+ )
+
+
+class OrderByLabelTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ """Test the dialect sends appropriate ORDER BY expressions when
+ labels are used.
+
+ This essentially exercises the "supports_simple_order_by_label"
+ setting.
+
+ """
+
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("x", Integer),
+ Column("y", Integer),
+ Column("q", String(50)),
+ Column("p", String(50)),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.some_table.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "x": 1, "y": 2, "q": "q1", "p": "p3"},
+ {"id": 2, "x": 2, "y": 3, "q": "q2", "p": "p2"},
+ {"id": 3, "x": 3, "y": 4, "q": "q3", "p": "p1"},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def _assert_result(self, select, result):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ eq_(conn.execute(select).fetchall(), result)
+
+ def test_plain(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ lx = table.c.x.label("lx")
+ self._assert_result(select(lx).order_by(lx), [(1,), (2,), (3,)])
+
+ def test_composed_int(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ lx = (table.c.x + table.c.y).label("lx")
+ self._assert_result(select(lx).order_by(lx), [(3,), (5,), (7,)])
+
+ def test_composed_multiple(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ lx = (table.c.x + table.c.y).label("lx")
+ ly = (func.lower(table.c.q) + table.c.p).label("ly")
+ self._assert_result(
+ select(lx, ly).order_by(lx, ly.desc()),
+ [(3, "q1p3"), (5, "q2p2"), (7, "q3p1")],
+ )
+
+ def test_plain_desc(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ lx = table.c.x.label("lx")
+ self._assert_result(select(lx).order_by(lx.desc()), [(3,), (2,), (1,)])
+
+ def test_composed_int_desc(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ lx = (table.c.x + table.c.y).label("lx")
+ self._assert_result(select(lx).order_by(lx.desc()), [(7,), (5,), (3,)])
+
+ @testing.requires.group_by_complex_expression
+ def test_group_by_composed(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ expr = (table.c.x + table.c.y).label("lx")
+ stmt = (
+ select(func.count(table.c.id), expr).group_by(expr).order_by(expr)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(1, 3), (1, 5), (1, 7)])
+
+
+class ValuesExpressionTest(fixtures.TestBase):
+ __requires__ = ("table_value_constructor",)
+
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ def test_tuples(self, connection):
+ value_expr = values(
+ column("id", Integer), column("name", String), name="my_values"
+ ).data([(1, "name1"), (2, "name2"), (3, "name3")])
+
+ eq_(
+ connection.execute(select(value_expr)).all(),
+ [(1, "name1"), (2, "name2"), (3, "name3")],
+ )
+
+
+class FetchLimitOffsetTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("x", Integer),
+ Column("y", Integer),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.some_table.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "x": 1, "y": 2},
+ {"id": 2, "x": 2, "y": 3},
+ {"id": 3, "x": 3, "y": 4},
+ {"id": 4, "x": 4, "y": 5},
+ {"id": 5, "x": 4, "y": 6},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def _assert_result(
+ self, connection, select, result, params=(), set_=False
+ ):
+ if set_:
+ query_res = connection.execute(select, params).fetchall()
+ eq_(len(query_res), len(result))
+ eq_(set(query_res), set(result))
+
+ else:
+ eq_(connection.execute(select, params).fetchall(), result)
+
+ def _assert_result_str(self, select, result, params=()):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ eq_(conn.exec_driver_sql(select, params).fetchall(), result)
+
+ def test_simple_limit(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = select(table).order_by(table.c.id)
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ stmt.limit(2),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3)],
+ )
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ stmt.limit(3),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ )
+
+ def test_limit_render_multiple_times(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).limit(1).scalar_subquery()
+
+ u = union(select(stmt), select(stmt)).subquery().select()
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ u,
+ [
+ (1,),
+ ],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_first
+ def test_simple_fetch(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).fetch(2),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3)],
+ )
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).fetch(3),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.offset
+ def test_simple_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).offset(2),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).offset(3),
+ [(4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.combinations(
+ ([(2, 0), (2, 1), (3, 2)]),
+ ([(2, 1), (2, 0), (3, 2)]),
+ ([(3, 1), (2, 1), (3, 1)]),
+ argnames="cases",
+ )
+ @testing.requires.offset
+ def test_simple_limit_offset(self, connection, cases):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ connection = connection.execution_options(compiled_cache={})
+
+ assert_data = [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)]
+
+ for limit, offset in cases:
+ expected = assert_data[offset : offset + limit]
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).limit(limit).offset(offset),
+ expected,
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_first
+ def test_simple_fetch_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).fetch(2).offset(1),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).fetch(3).offset(2),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_no_order_by
+ def test_fetch_offset_no_order(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).fetch(10),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ set_=True,
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.offset
+ def test_simple_offset_zero(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).offset(0),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).offset(1),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.offset
+ def test_limit_offset_nobinds(self):
+ """test that 'literal binds' mode works - no bound params."""
+
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = select(table).order_by(table.c.id).limit(2).offset(1)
+ sql = stmt.compile(
+ dialect=config.db.dialect, compile_kwargs={"literal_binds": True}
+ )
+ sql = str(sql)
+
+ self._assert_result_str(sql, [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)])
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_first
+ def test_fetch_offset_nobinds(self):
+ """test that 'literal binds' mode works - no bound params."""
+
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = select(table).order_by(table.c.id).fetch(2).offset(1)
+ sql = stmt.compile(
+ dialect=config.db.dialect, compile_kwargs={"literal_binds": True}
+ )
+ sql = str(sql)
+
+ self._assert_result_str(sql, [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)])
+
+ @testing.requires.bound_limit_offset
+ def test_bound_limit(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).limit(bindparam("l")),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3)],
+ params={"l": 2},
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).limit(bindparam("l")),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ params={"l": 3},
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.bound_limit_offset
+ def test_bound_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).offset(bindparam("o")),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ params={"o": 2},
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).offset(bindparam("o")),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ params={"o": 1},
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.bound_limit_offset
+ def test_bound_limit_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(bindparam("l"))
+ .offset(bindparam("o")),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ params={"l": 2, "o": 1},
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(bindparam("l"))
+ .offset(bindparam("o")),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ params={"l": 3, "o": 2},
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_first
+ def test_bound_fetch_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .fetch(bindparam("f"))
+ .offset(bindparam("o")),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ params={"f": 2, "o": 1},
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .fetch(bindparam("f"))
+ .offset(bindparam("o")),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ params={"f": 3, "o": 2},
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.sql_expression_limit_offset
+ def test_expr_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .offset(literal_column("1") + literal_column("2")),
+ [(4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.sql_expression_limit_offset
+ def test_expr_limit(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(literal_column("1") + literal_column("2")),
+ [(1, 1, 2), (2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.sql_expression_limit_offset
+ def test_expr_limit_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1"))
+ .offset(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1")),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_first
+ @testing.requires.fetch_expression
+ def test_expr_fetch_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .fetch(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1"))
+ .offset(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1")),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.sql_expression_limit_offset
+ def test_simple_limit_expr_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(2)
+ .offset(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1")),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5)],
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(3)
+ .offset(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1")),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.sql_expression_limit_offset
+ def test_expr_limit_simple_offset(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1"))
+ .offset(2),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5)],
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .limit(literal_column("1") + literal_column("1"))
+ .offset(1),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_ties
+ def test_simple_fetch_ties(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.x.desc()).fetch(1, with_ties=True),
+ [(4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ set_=True,
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.x.desc()).fetch(3, with_ties=True),
+ [(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ set_=True,
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_ties
+ @testing.requires.fetch_offset_with_options
+ def test_fetch_offset_ties(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ fa = connection.execute(
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.x)
+ .fetch(2, with_ties=True)
+ .offset(2)
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(fa[0], (3, 3, 4))
+ eq_(set(fa), {(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)})
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_ties
+ @testing.requires.fetch_offset_with_options
+ def test_fetch_offset_ties_exact_number(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.x)
+ .fetch(2, with_ties=True)
+ .offset(1),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.x)
+ .fetch(3, with_ties=True)
+ .offset(3),
+ [(4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_percent
+ def test_simple_fetch_percent(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table).order_by(table.c.id).fetch(20, percent=True),
+ [(1, 1, 2)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_percent
+ @testing.requires.fetch_offset_with_options
+ def test_fetch_offset_percent(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .fetch(40, percent=True)
+ .offset(1),
+ [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_ties
+ @testing.requires.fetch_percent
+ def test_simple_fetch_percent_ties(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ self._assert_result(
+ connection,
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.x.desc())
+ .fetch(20, percent=True, with_ties=True),
+ [(4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)],
+ set_=True,
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.fetch_ties
+ @testing.requires.fetch_percent
+ @testing.requires.fetch_offset_with_options
+ def test_fetch_offset_percent_ties(self, connection):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ fa = connection.execute(
+ select(table)
+ .order_by(table.c.x)
+ .fetch(40, percent=True, with_ties=True)
+ .offset(2)
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(fa[0], (3, 3, 4))
+ eq_(set(fa), {(3, 3, 4), (4, 4, 5), (5, 4, 6)})
+
+
+class SameNamedSchemaTableTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ """tests for #7471"""
+
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ __requires__ = ("schemas",)
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ schema=config.test_schema,
+ )
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column(
+ "some_table_id",
+ Integer,
+ # ForeignKey("%s.some_table.id" % config.test_schema),
+ nullable=False,
+ ),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ some_table, some_table_schema = cls.tables(
+ "some_table", "%s.some_table" % config.test_schema
+ )
+ connection.execute(some_table_schema.insert(), {"id": 1})
+ connection.execute(some_table.insert(), {"id": 1, "some_table_id": 1})
+
+ def test_simple_join_both_tables(self, connection):
+ some_table, some_table_schema = self.tables(
+ "some_table", "%s.some_table" % config.test_schema
+ )
+
+ eq_(
+ connection.execute(
+ select(some_table, some_table_schema).join_from(
+ some_table,
+ some_table_schema,
+ some_table.c.some_table_id == some_table_schema.c.id,
+ )
+ ).first(),
+ (1, 1, 1),
+ )
+
+ def test_simple_join_whereclause_only(self, connection):
+ some_table, some_table_schema = self.tables(
+ "some_table", "%s.some_table" % config.test_schema
+ )
+
+ eq_(
+ connection.execute(
+ select(some_table)
+ .join_from(
+ some_table,
+ some_table_schema,
+ some_table.c.some_table_id == some_table_schema.c.id,
+ )
+ .where(some_table.c.id == 1)
+ ).first(),
+ (1, 1),
+ )
+
+ def test_subquery(self, connection):
+ some_table, some_table_schema = self.tables(
+ "some_table", "%s.some_table" % config.test_schema
+ )
+
+ subq = (
+ select(some_table)
+ .join_from(
+ some_table,
+ some_table_schema,
+ some_table.c.some_table_id == some_table_schema.c.id,
+ )
+ .where(some_table.c.id == 1)
+ .subquery()
+ )
+
+ eq_(
+ connection.execute(
+ select(some_table, subq.c.id)
+ .join_from(
+ some_table,
+ subq,
+ some_table.c.some_table_id == subq.c.id,
+ )
+ .where(some_table.c.id == 1)
+ ).first(),
+ (1, 1, 1),
+ )
+
+
+class JoinTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ def _assert_result(self, select, result, params=()):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ eq_(conn.execute(select, params).fetchall(), result)
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table("a", metadata, Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True))
+ Table(
+ "b",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("a_id", ForeignKey("a.id"), nullable=False),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.a.insert(),
+ [{"id": 1}, {"id": 2}, {"id": 3}, {"id": 4}, {"id": 5}],
+ )
+
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.b.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "a_id": 1},
+ {"id": 2, "a_id": 1},
+ {"id": 4, "a_id": 2},
+ {"id": 5, "a_id": 3},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def test_inner_join_fk(self):
+ a, b = self.tables("a", "b")
+
+ stmt = select(a, b).select_from(a.join(b)).order_by(a.c.id, b.c.id)
+
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(1, 1, 1), (1, 2, 1), (2, 4, 2), (3, 5, 3)])
+
+ def test_inner_join_true(self):
+ a, b = self.tables("a", "b")
+
+ stmt = (
+ select(a, b)
+ .select_from(a.join(b, true()))
+ .order_by(a.c.id, b.c.id)
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [
+ (a, b, c)
+ for (a,), (b, c) in itertools.product(
+ [(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,), (5,)],
+ [(1, 1), (2, 1), (4, 2), (5, 3)],
+ )
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def test_inner_join_false(self):
+ a, b = self.tables("a", "b")
+
+ stmt = (
+ select(a, b)
+ .select_from(a.join(b, false()))
+ .order_by(a.c.id, b.c.id)
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [])
+
+ def test_outer_join_false(self):
+ a, b = self.tables("a", "b")
+
+ stmt = (
+ select(a, b)
+ .select_from(a.outerjoin(b, false()))
+ .order_by(a.c.id, b.c.id)
+ )
+
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [
+ (1, None, None),
+ (2, None, None),
+ (3, None, None),
+ (4, None, None),
+ (5, None, None),
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def test_outer_join_fk(self):
+ a, b = self.tables("a", "b")
+
+ stmt = select(a, b).select_from(a.join(b)).order_by(a.c.id, b.c.id)
+
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(1, 1, 1), (1, 2, 1), (2, 4, 2), (3, 5, 3)])
+
+
+class CompoundSelectTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("x", Integer),
+ Column("y", Integer),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.some_table.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "x": 1, "y": 2},
+ {"id": 2, "x": 2, "y": 3},
+ {"id": 3, "x": 3, "y": 4},
+ {"id": 4, "x": 4, "y": 5},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def _assert_result(self, select, result, params=()):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ eq_(conn.execute(select, params).fetchall(), result)
+
+ def test_plain_union(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ s1 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 2)
+ s2 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 3)
+
+ u1 = union(s1, s2)
+ self._assert_result(
+ u1.order_by(u1.selected_columns.id), [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)]
+ )
+
+ def test_select_from_plain_union(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ s1 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 2)
+ s2 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 3)
+
+ u1 = union(s1, s2).alias().select()
+ self._assert_result(
+ u1.order_by(u1.selected_columns.id), [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)]
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.order_by_col_from_union
+ @testing.requires.parens_in_union_contained_select_w_limit_offset
+ def test_limit_offset_selectable_in_unions(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ s1 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 2).limit(1).order_by(table.c.id)
+ s2 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 3).limit(1).order_by(table.c.id)
+
+ u1 = union(s1, s2).limit(2)
+ self._assert_result(
+ u1.order_by(u1.selected_columns.id), [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)]
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.parens_in_union_contained_select_wo_limit_offset
+ def test_order_by_selectable_in_unions(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ s1 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 2).order_by(table.c.id)
+ s2 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 3).order_by(table.c.id)
+
+ u1 = union(s1, s2).limit(2)
+ self._assert_result(
+ u1.order_by(u1.selected_columns.id), [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)]
+ )
+
+ def test_distinct_selectable_in_unions(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ s1 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 2).distinct()
+ s2 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 3).distinct()
+
+ u1 = union(s1, s2).limit(2)
+ self._assert_result(
+ u1.order_by(u1.selected_columns.id), [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)]
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.parens_in_union_contained_select_w_limit_offset
+ def test_limit_offset_in_unions_from_alias(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ s1 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 2).limit(1).order_by(table.c.id)
+ s2 = select(table).where(table.c.id == 3).limit(1).order_by(table.c.id)
+
+ # this necessarily has double parens
+ u1 = union(s1, s2).alias()
+ self._assert_result(
+ u1.select().limit(2).order_by(u1.c.id), [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)]
+ )
+
+ def test_limit_offset_aliased_selectable_in_unions(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ s1 = (
+ select(table)
+ .where(table.c.id == 2)
+ .limit(1)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .alias()
+ .select()
+ )
+ s2 = (
+ select(table)
+ .where(table.c.id == 3)
+ .limit(1)
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ .alias()
+ .select()
+ )
+
+ u1 = union(s1, s2).limit(2)
+ self._assert_result(
+ u1.order_by(u1.selected_columns.id), [(2, 2, 3), (3, 3, 4)]
+ )
+
+
+class PostCompileParamsTest(
+ AssertsExecutionResults, AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.TablesTest
+):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ __requires__ = ("standard_cursor_sql",)
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("x", Integer),
+ Column("y", Integer),
+ Column("z", String(50)),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.some_table.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "x": 1, "y": 2, "z": "z1"},
+ {"id": 2, "x": 2, "y": 3, "z": "z2"},
+ {"id": 3, "x": 3, "y": 4, "z": "z3"},
+ {"id": 4, "x": 4, "y": 5, "z": "z4"},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def test_compile(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(
+ table.c.x == bindparam("q", literal_execute=True)
+ )
+
+ self.assert_compile(
+ stmt,
+ "SELECT some_table.id FROM some_table "
+ "WHERE some_table.x = __[POSTCOMPILE_q]",
+ {},
+ )
+
+ def test_compile_literal_binds(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(
+ table.c.x == bindparam("q", 10, literal_execute=True)
+ )
+
+ self.assert_compile(
+ stmt,
+ "SELECT some_table.id FROM some_table WHERE some_table.x = 10",
+ {},
+ literal_binds=True,
+ )
+
+ def test_execute(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(
+ table.c.x == bindparam("q", literal_execute=True)
+ )
+
+ with self.sql_execution_asserter() as asserter:
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ conn.execute(stmt, dict(q=10))
+
+ asserter.assert_(
+ CursorSQL(
+ "SELECT some_table.id \nFROM some_table "
+ "\nWHERE some_table.x = 10",
+ () if config.db.dialect.positional else {},
+ )
+ )
+
+ def test_execute_expanding_plus_literal_execute(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(
+ table.c.x.in_(bindparam("q", expanding=True, literal_execute=True))
+ )
+
+ with self.sql_execution_asserter() as asserter:
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ conn.execute(stmt, dict(q=[5, 6, 7]))
+
+ asserter.assert_(
+ CursorSQL(
+ "SELECT some_table.id \nFROM some_table "
+ "\nWHERE some_table.x IN (5, 6, 7)",
+ () if config.db.dialect.positional else {},
+ )
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_execute_tuple_expanding_plus_literal_execute(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(
+ tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.y).in_(
+ bindparam("q", expanding=True, literal_execute=True)
+ )
+ )
+
+ with self.sql_execution_asserter() as asserter:
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ conn.execute(stmt, dict(q=[(5, 10), (12, 18)]))
+
+ asserter.assert_(
+ CursorSQL(
+ "SELECT some_table.id \nFROM some_table "
+ "\nWHERE (some_table.x, some_table.y) "
+ "IN (%s(5, 10), (12, 18))"
+ % ("VALUES " if config.db.dialect.tuple_in_values else ""),
+ () if config.db.dialect.positional else {},
+ )
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_execute_tuple_expanding_plus_literal_heterogeneous_execute(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(
+ tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.z).in_(
+ bindparam("q", expanding=True, literal_execute=True)
+ )
+ )
+
+ with self.sql_execution_asserter() as asserter:
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ conn.execute(stmt, dict(q=[(5, "z1"), (12, "z3")]))
+
+ asserter.assert_(
+ CursorSQL(
+ "SELECT some_table.id \nFROM some_table "
+ "\nWHERE (some_table.x, some_table.z) "
+ "IN (%s(5, 'z1'), (12, 'z3'))"
+ % ("VALUES " if config.db.dialect.tuple_in_values else ""),
+ () if config.db.dialect.positional else {},
+ )
+ )
+
+
+class ExpandingBoundInTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("x", Integer),
+ Column("y", Integer),
+ Column("z", String(50)),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.some_table.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "x": 1, "y": 2, "z": "z1"},
+ {"id": 2, "x": 2, "y": 3, "z": "z2"},
+ {"id": 3, "x": 3, "y": 4, "z": "z3"},
+ {"id": 4, "x": 4, "y": 5, "z": "z4"},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def _assert_result(self, select, result, params=()):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ eq_(conn.execute(select, params).fetchall(), result)
+
+ def test_multiple_empty_sets_bindparam(self):
+ # test that any anonymous aliasing used by the dialect
+ # is fine with duplicates
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .where(table.c.y.in_(bindparam("p")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [], params={"q": [], "p": []})
+
+ def test_multiple_empty_sets_direct(self):
+ # test that any anonymous aliasing used by the dialect
+ # is fine with duplicates
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.in_([]))
+ .where(table.c.y.in_([]))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [])
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in_w_empty
+ def test_empty_heterogeneous_tuples_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.z).in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [], params={"q": []})
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in_w_empty
+ def test_empty_heterogeneous_tuples_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ def go(val, expected):
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.z).in_(val))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, expected)
+
+ go([], [])
+ go([(2, "z2"), (3, "z3"), (4, "z4")], [(2,), (3,), (4,)])
+ go([], [])
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in_w_empty
+ def test_empty_homogeneous_tuples_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.y).in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [], params={"q": []})
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in_w_empty
+ def test_empty_homogeneous_tuples_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ def go(val, expected):
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.y).in_(val))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, expected)
+
+ go([], [])
+ go([(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4)], [(1,), (2,), (3,)])
+ go([], [])
+
+ def test_bound_in_scalar_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(2,), (3,), (4,)], params={"q": [2, 3, 4]})
+
+ def test_bound_in_scalar_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.in_([2, 3, 4]))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(2,), (3,), (4,)])
+
+ def test_nonempty_in_plus_empty_notin(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.in_([2, 3]))
+ .where(table.c.id.not_in([]))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(2,), (3,)])
+
+ def test_empty_in_plus_notempty_notin(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.in_([]))
+ .where(table.c.id.not_in([2, 3]))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [])
+
+ def test_typed_str_in(self):
+ """test related to #7292.
+
+ as a type is given to the bound param, there is no ambiguity
+ to the type of element.
+
+ """
+
+ stmt = text(
+ "select id FROM some_table WHERE z IN :q ORDER BY id"
+ ).bindparams(bindparam("q", type_=String, expanding=True))
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [(2,), (3,), (4,)],
+ params={"q": ["z2", "z3", "z4"]},
+ )
+
+ def test_untyped_str_in(self):
+ """test related to #7292.
+
+ for untyped expression, we look at the types of elements.
+ Test for Sequence to detect tuple in. but not strings or bytes!
+ as always....
+
+ """
+
+ stmt = text(
+ "select id FROM some_table WHERE z IN :q ORDER BY id"
+ ).bindparams(bindparam("q", expanding=True))
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [(2,), (3,), (4,)],
+ params={"q": ["z2", "z3", "z4"]},
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_bound_in_two_tuple_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.y).in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt, [(2,), (3,), (4,)], params={"q": [(2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5)]}
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_bound_in_two_tuple_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.y).in_([(2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5)]))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(2,), (3,), (4,)])
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_bound_in_heterogeneous_two_tuple_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.z).in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [(2,), (3,), (4,)],
+ params={"q": [(2, "z2"), (3, "z3"), (4, "z4")]},
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_bound_in_heterogeneous_two_tuple_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(
+ tuple_(table.c.x, table.c.z).in_(
+ [(2, "z2"), (3, "z3"), (4, "z4")]
+ )
+ )
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [(2,), (3,), (4,)],
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_bound_in_heterogeneous_two_tuple_text_bindparam(self):
+ # note this becomes ARRAY if we dont use expanding
+ # explicitly right now
+ stmt = text(
+ "select id FROM some_table WHERE (x, z) IN :q ORDER BY id"
+ ).bindparams(bindparam("q", expanding=True))
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [(2,), (3,), (4,)],
+ params={"q": [(2, "z2"), (3, "z3"), (4, "z4")]},
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_bound_in_heterogeneous_two_tuple_typed_bindparam_non_tuple(self):
+ class LikeATuple(collections_abc.Sequence):
+ def __init__(self, *data):
+ self._data = data
+
+ def __iter__(self):
+ return iter(self._data)
+
+ def __getitem__(self, idx):
+ return self._data[idx]
+
+ def __len__(self):
+ return len(self._data)
+
+ stmt = text(
+ "select id FROM some_table WHERE (x, z) IN :q ORDER BY id"
+ ).bindparams(
+ bindparam(
+ "q", type_=TupleType(Integer(), String()), expanding=True
+ )
+ )
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [(2,), (3,), (4,)],
+ params={
+ "q": [
+ LikeATuple(2, "z2"),
+ LikeATuple(3, "z3"),
+ LikeATuple(4, "z4"),
+ ]
+ },
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.tuple_in
+ def test_bound_in_heterogeneous_two_tuple_text_bindparam_non_tuple(self):
+ # note this becomes ARRAY if we dont use expanding
+ # explicitly right now
+
+ class LikeATuple(collections_abc.Sequence):
+ def __init__(self, *data):
+ self._data = data
+
+ def __iter__(self):
+ return iter(self._data)
+
+ def __getitem__(self, idx):
+ return self._data[idx]
+
+ def __len__(self):
+ return len(self._data)
+
+ stmt = text(
+ "select id FROM some_table WHERE (x, z) IN :q ORDER BY id"
+ ).bindparams(bindparam("q", expanding=True))
+ self._assert_result(
+ stmt,
+ [(2,), (3,), (4,)],
+ params={
+ "q": [
+ LikeATuple(2, "z2"),
+ LikeATuple(3, "z3"),
+ LikeATuple(4, "z4"),
+ ]
+ },
+ )
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_integer_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [], params={"q": []})
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_integer_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(table.c.x.in_([])).order_by(table.c.id)
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [])
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_integer_negation_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.x.not_in(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,)], params={"q": []})
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_integer_negation_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id).where(table.c.x.not_in([])).order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,)])
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_string_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.z.in_(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [], params={"q": []})
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_string_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = select(table.c.id).where(table.c.z.in_([])).order_by(table.c.id)
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [])
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_string_negation_bindparam(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id)
+ .where(table.c.z.not_in(bindparam("q")))
+ .order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,)], params={"q": []})
+
+ def test_empty_set_against_string_negation_direct(self):
+ table = self.tables.some_table
+ stmt = (
+ select(table.c.id).where(table.c.z.not_in([])).order_by(table.c.id)
+ )
+ self._assert_result(stmt, [(1,), (2,), (3,), (4,)])
+
+ def test_null_in_empty_set_is_false_bindparam(self, connection):
+ stmt = select(
+ case(
+ (
+ null().in_(bindparam("foo", value=())),
+ true(),
+ ),
+ else_=false(),
+ )
+ )
+ in_(connection.execute(stmt).fetchone()[0], (False, 0))
+
+ def test_null_in_empty_set_is_false_direct(self, connection):
+ stmt = select(
+ case(
+ (
+ null().in_([]),
+ true(),
+ ),
+ else_=false(),
+ )
+ )
+ in_(connection.execute(stmt).fetchone()[0], (False, 0))
+
+
+class LikeFunctionsTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ run_inserts = "once"
+ run_deletes = None
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "some_table",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("data", String(50)),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.some_table.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "data": "abcdefg"},
+ {"id": 2, "data": "ab/cdefg"},
+ {"id": 3, "data": "ab%cdefg"},
+ {"id": 4, "data": "ab_cdefg"},
+ {"id": 5, "data": "abcde/fg"},
+ {"id": 6, "data": "abcde%fg"},
+ {"id": 7, "data": "ab#cdefg"},
+ {"id": 8, "data": "ab9cdefg"},
+ {"id": 9, "data": "abcde#fg"},
+ {"id": 10, "data": "abcd9fg"},
+ {"id": 11, "data": None},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def _test(self, expr, expected):
+ some_table = self.tables.some_table
+
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ rows = {
+ value
+ for value, in conn.execute(select(some_table.c.id).where(expr))
+ }
+
+ eq_(rows, expected)
+
+ def test_startswith_unescaped(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.startswith("ab%c"), {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10})
+
+ def test_startswith_autoescape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.startswith("ab%c", autoescape=True), {3})
+
+ def test_startswith_sqlexpr(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(
+ col.startswith(literal_column("'ab%c'")),
+ {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10},
+ )
+
+ def test_startswith_escape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.startswith("ab##c", escape="#"), {7})
+
+ def test_startswith_autoescape_escape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.startswith("ab%c", autoescape=True, escape="#"), {3})
+ self._test(col.startswith("ab#c", autoescape=True, escape="#"), {7})
+
+ def test_endswith_unescaped(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.endswith("e%fg"), {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+ def test_endswith_sqlexpr(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(
+ col.endswith(literal_column("'e%fg'")), {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}
+ )
+
+ def test_endswith_autoescape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.endswith("e%fg", autoescape=True), {6})
+
+ def test_endswith_escape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.endswith("e##fg", escape="#"), {9})
+
+ def test_endswith_autoescape_escape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.endswith("e%fg", autoescape=True, escape="#"), {6})
+ self._test(col.endswith("e#fg", autoescape=True, escape="#"), {9})
+
+ def test_contains_unescaped(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.contains("b%cde"), {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9})
+
+ def test_contains_autoescape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.contains("b%cde", autoescape=True), {3})
+
+ def test_contains_escape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.contains("b##cde", escape="#"), {7})
+
+ def test_contains_autoescape_escape(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.contains("b%cd", autoescape=True, escape="#"), {3})
+ self._test(col.contains("b#cd", autoescape=True, escape="#"), {7})
+
+ @testing.requires.regexp_match
+ def test_not_regexp_match(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(~col.regexp_match("a.cde"), {2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 10})
+
+ @testing.requires.regexp_replace
+ def test_regexp_replace(self):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(
+ col.regexp_replace("a.cde", "FOO").contains("FOO"), {1, 5, 6, 9}
+ )
+
+ @testing.requires.regexp_match
+ @testing.combinations(
+ ("a.cde", {1, 5, 6, 9}),
+ ("abc", {1, 5, 6, 9, 10}),
+ ("^abc", {1, 5, 6, 9, 10}),
+ ("9cde", {8}),
+ ("^a", set(range(1, 11))),
+ ("(b|c)", set(range(1, 11))),
+ ("^(b|c)", set()),
+ )
+ def test_regexp_match(self, text, expected):
+ col = self.tables.some_table.c.data
+ self._test(col.regexp_match(text), expected)
+
+
+class ComputedColumnTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+ __requires__ = ("computed_columns",)
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "square",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("side", Integer),
+ Column("area", Integer, Computed("side * side")),
+ Column("perimeter", Integer, Computed("4 * side")),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.square.insert(),
+ [{"id": 1, "side": 10}, {"id": 10, "side": 42}],
+ )
+
+ def test_select_all(self):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ res = conn.execute(
+ select(text("*"))
+ .select_from(self.tables.square)
+ .order_by(self.tables.square.c.id)
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(res, [(1, 10, 100, 40), (10, 42, 1764, 168)])
+
+ def test_select_columns(self):
+ with config.db.connect() as conn:
+ res = conn.execute(
+ select(
+ self.tables.square.c.area, self.tables.square.c.perimeter
+ )
+ .select_from(self.tables.square)
+ .order_by(self.tables.square.c.id)
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(res, [(100, 40), (1764, 168)])
+
+
+class IdentityColumnTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+ __requires__ = ("identity_columns",)
+ run_inserts = "once"
+ run_deletes = "once"
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "tbl_a",
+ metadata,
+ Column(
+ "id",
+ Integer,
+ Identity(
+ always=True, start=42, nominvalue=True, nomaxvalue=True
+ ),
+ primary_key=True,
+ ),
+ Column("desc", String(100)),
+ )
+ Table(
+ "tbl_b",
+ metadata,
+ Column(
+ "id",
+ Integer,
+ Identity(increment=-5, start=0, minvalue=-1000, maxvalue=0),
+ primary_key=True,
+ ),
+ Column("desc", String(100)),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.tbl_a.insert(),
+ [{"desc": "a"}, {"desc": "b"}],
+ )
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.tbl_b.insert(),
+ [{"desc": "a"}, {"desc": "b"}],
+ )
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.tbl_b.insert(),
+ [{"id": 42, "desc": "c"}],
+ )
+
+ def test_select_all(self, connection):
+ res = connection.execute(
+ select(text("*"))
+ .select_from(self.tables.tbl_a)
+ .order_by(self.tables.tbl_a.c.id)
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(res, [(42, "a"), (43, "b")])
+
+ res = connection.execute(
+ select(text("*"))
+ .select_from(self.tables.tbl_b)
+ .order_by(self.tables.tbl_b.c.id)
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(res, [(-5, "b"), (0, "a"), (42, "c")])
+
+ def test_select_columns(self, connection):
+ res = connection.execute(
+ select(self.tables.tbl_a.c.id).order_by(self.tables.tbl_a.c.id)
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(res, [(42,), (43,)])
+
+ @testing.requires.identity_columns_standard
+ def test_insert_always_error(self, connection):
+ def fn():
+ connection.execute(
+ self.tables.tbl_a.insert(),
+ [{"id": 200, "desc": "a"}],
+ )
+
+ assert_raises((DatabaseError, ProgrammingError), fn)
+
+
+class IdentityAutoincrementTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+ __requires__ = ("autoincrement_without_sequence",)
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "tbl",
+ metadata,
+ Column(
+ "id",
+ Integer,
+ Identity(),
+ primary_key=True,
+ autoincrement=True,
+ ),
+ Column("desc", String(100)),
+ )
+
+ def test_autoincrement_with_identity(self, connection):
+ res = connection.execute(self.tables.tbl.insert(), {"desc": "row"})
+ res = connection.execute(self.tables.tbl.select()).first()
+ eq_(res, (1, "row"))
+
+
+class ExistsTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "stuff",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("data", String(50)),
+ )
+
+ @classmethod
+ def insert_data(cls, connection):
+ connection.execute(
+ cls.tables.stuff.insert(),
+ [
+ {"id": 1, "data": "some data"},
+ {"id": 2, "data": "some data"},
+ {"id": 3, "data": "some data"},
+ {"id": 4, "data": "some other data"},
+ ],
+ )
+
+ def test_select_exists(self, connection):
+ stuff = self.tables.stuff
+ eq_(
+ connection.execute(
+ select(literal(1)).where(
+ exists().where(stuff.c.data == "some data")
+ )
+ ).fetchall(),
+ [(1,)],
+ )
+
+ def test_select_exists_false(self, connection):
+ stuff = self.tables.stuff
+ eq_(
+ connection.execute(
+ select(literal(1)).where(
+ exists().where(stuff.c.data == "no data")
+ )
+ ).fetchall(),
+ [],
+ )
+
+
+class DistinctOnTest(AssertsCompiledSQL, fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+
+ @testing.fails_if(testing.requires.supports_distinct_on)
+ def test_distinct_on(self):
+ stm = select("*").distinct(column("q")).select_from(table("foo"))
+ with testing.expect_deprecated(
+ "DISTINCT ON is currently supported only by the PostgreSQL "
+ ):
+ self.assert_compile(stm, "SELECT DISTINCT * FROM foo")
+
+
+class IsOrIsNotDistinctFromTest(fixtures.TablesTest):
+ __backend__ = True
+ __requires__ = ("supports_is_distinct_from",)
+
+ @classmethod
+ def define_tables(cls, metadata):
+ Table(
+ "is_distinct_test",
+ metadata,
+ Column("id", Integer, primary_key=True),
+ Column("col_a", Integer, nullable=True),
+ Column("col_b", Integer, nullable=True),
+ )
+
+ @testing.combinations(
+ ("both_int_different", 0, 1, 1),
+ ("both_int_same", 1, 1, 0),
+ ("one_null_first", None, 1, 1),
+ ("one_null_second", 0, None, 1),
+ ("both_null", None, None, 0),
+ id_="iaaa",
+ argnames="col_a_value, col_b_value, expected_row_count_for_is",
+ )
+ def test_is_or_is_not_distinct_from(
+ self, col_a_value, col_b_value, expected_row_count_for_is, connection
+ ):
+ tbl = self.tables.is_distinct_test
+
+ connection.execute(
+ tbl.insert(),
+ [{"id": 1, "col_a": col_a_value, "col_b": col_b_value}],
+ )
+
+ result = connection.execute(
+ tbl.select().where(tbl.c.col_a.is_distinct_from(tbl.c.col_b))
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(
+ len(result),
+ expected_row_count_for_is,
+ )
+
+ expected_row_count_for_is_not = (
+ 1 if expected_row_count_for_is == 0 else 0
+ )
+ result = connection.execute(
+ tbl.select().where(tbl.c.col_a.is_not_distinct_from(tbl.c.col_b))
+ ).fetchall()
+ eq_(
+ len(result),
+ expected_row_count_for_is_not,
+ )
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-10-17 17:28:45 +0000