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+# ext/mypy/infer.py
+# Copyright (C) 2021-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
+# <see AUTHORS file>
+#
+# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
+# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Optional
+from typing import Sequence
+
+from mypy.maptype import map_instance_to_supertype
+from mypy.nodes import AssignmentStmt
+from mypy.nodes import CallExpr
+from mypy.nodes import Expression
+from mypy.nodes import FuncDef
+from mypy.nodes import LambdaExpr
+from mypy.nodes import MemberExpr
+from mypy.nodes import NameExpr
+from mypy.nodes import RefExpr
+from mypy.nodes import StrExpr
+from mypy.nodes import TypeInfo
+from mypy.nodes import Var
+from mypy.plugin import SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface
+from mypy.subtypes import is_subtype
+from mypy.types import AnyType
+from mypy.types import CallableType
+from mypy.types import get_proper_type
+from mypy.types import Instance
+from mypy.types import NoneType
+from mypy.types import ProperType
+from mypy.types import TypeOfAny
+from mypy.types import UnionType
+
+from . import names
+from . import util
+
+
+def infer_type_from_right_hand_nameexpr(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ stmt: AssignmentStmt,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Optional[ProperType],
+ infer_from_right_side: RefExpr,
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ type_id = names.type_id_for_callee(infer_from_right_side)
+ if type_id is None:
+ return None
+ elif type_id is names.MAPPED:
+ python_type_for_type = _infer_type_from_mapped(
+ api, stmt, node, left_hand_explicit_type, infer_from_right_side
+ )
+ elif type_id is names.COLUMN:
+ python_type_for_type = _infer_type_from_decl_column(
+ api, stmt, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+ elif type_id is names.RELATIONSHIP:
+ python_type_for_type = _infer_type_from_relationship(
+ api, stmt, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+ elif type_id is names.COLUMN_PROPERTY:
+ python_type_for_type = _infer_type_from_decl_column_property(
+ api, stmt, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+ elif type_id is names.SYNONYM_PROPERTY:
+ python_type_for_type = infer_type_from_left_hand_type_only(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+ elif type_id is names.COMPOSITE_PROPERTY:
+ python_type_for_type = _infer_type_from_decl_composite_property(
+ api, stmt, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+ else:
+ return None
+
+ return python_type_for_type
+
+
+def _infer_type_from_relationship(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ stmt: AssignmentStmt,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Optional[ProperType],
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ """Infer the type of mapping from a relationship.
+
+ E.g.::
+
+ @reg.mapped
+ class MyClass:
+ # ...
+
+ addresses = relationship(Address, uselist=True)
+
+ order: Mapped["Order"] = relationship("Order")
+
+ Will resolve in mypy as::
+
+ @reg.mapped
+ class MyClass:
+ # ...
+
+ addresses: Mapped[List[Address]]
+
+ order: Mapped["Order"]
+
+ """
+
+ assert isinstance(stmt.rvalue, CallExpr)
+ target_cls_arg = stmt.rvalue.args[0]
+ python_type_for_type: Optional[ProperType] = None
+
+ if isinstance(target_cls_arg, NameExpr) and isinstance(
+ target_cls_arg.node, TypeInfo
+ ):
+ # type
+ related_object_type = target_cls_arg.node
+ python_type_for_type = Instance(related_object_type, [])
+
+ # other cases not covered - an error message directs the user
+ # to set an explicit type annotation
+ #
+ # node.type == str, it's a string
+ # if isinstance(target_cls_arg, NameExpr) and isinstance(
+ # target_cls_arg.node, Var
+ # )
+ # points to a type
+ # isinstance(target_cls_arg, NameExpr) and isinstance(
+ # target_cls_arg.node, TypeAlias
+ # )
+ # string expression
+ # isinstance(target_cls_arg, StrExpr)
+
+ uselist_arg = util.get_callexpr_kwarg(stmt.rvalue, "uselist")
+ collection_cls_arg: Optional[Expression] = util.get_callexpr_kwarg(
+ stmt.rvalue, "collection_class"
+ )
+ type_is_a_collection = False
+
+ # this can be used to determine Optional for a many-to-one
+ # in the same way nullable=False could be used, if we start supporting
+ # that.
+ # innerjoin_arg = util.get_callexpr_kwarg(stmt.rvalue, "innerjoin")
+
+ if (
+ uselist_arg is not None
+ and api.parse_bool(uselist_arg) is True
+ and collection_cls_arg is None
+ ):
+ type_is_a_collection = True
+ if python_type_for_type is not None:
+ python_type_for_type = api.named_type(
+ names.NAMED_TYPE_BUILTINS_LIST, [python_type_for_type]
+ )
+ elif (
+ uselist_arg is None or api.parse_bool(uselist_arg) is True
+ ) and collection_cls_arg is not None:
+ type_is_a_collection = True
+ if isinstance(collection_cls_arg, CallExpr):
+ collection_cls_arg = collection_cls_arg.callee
+
+ if isinstance(collection_cls_arg, NameExpr) and isinstance(
+ collection_cls_arg.node, TypeInfo
+ ):
+ if python_type_for_type is not None:
+ # this can still be overridden by the left hand side
+ # within _infer_Type_from_left_and_inferred_right
+ python_type_for_type = Instance(
+ collection_cls_arg.node, [python_type_for_type]
+ )
+ elif (
+ isinstance(collection_cls_arg, NameExpr)
+ and isinstance(collection_cls_arg.node, FuncDef)
+ and collection_cls_arg.node.type is not None
+ ):
+ if python_type_for_type is not None:
+ # this can still be overridden by the left hand side
+ # within _infer_Type_from_left_and_inferred_right
+
+ # TODO: handle mypy.types.Overloaded
+ if isinstance(collection_cls_arg.node.type, CallableType):
+ rt = get_proper_type(collection_cls_arg.node.type.ret_type)
+
+ if isinstance(rt, CallableType):
+ callable_ret_type = get_proper_type(rt.ret_type)
+ if isinstance(callable_ret_type, Instance):
+ python_type_for_type = Instance(
+ callable_ret_type.type,
+ [python_type_for_type],
+ )
+ else:
+ util.fail(
+ api,
+ "Expected Python collection type for "
+ "collection_class parameter",
+ stmt.rvalue,
+ )
+ python_type_for_type = None
+ elif uselist_arg is not None and api.parse_bool(uselist_arg) is False:
+ if collection_cls_arg is not None:
+ util.fail(
+ api,
+ "Sending uselist=False and collection_class at the same time "
+ "does not make sense",
+ stmt.rvalue,
+ )
+ if python_type_for_type is not None:
+ python_type_for_type = UnionType(
+ [python_type_for_type, NoneType()]
+ )
+
+ else:
+ if left_hand_explicit_type is None:
+ msg = (
+ "Can't infer scalar or collection for ORM mapped expression "
+ "assigned to attribute '{}' if both 'uselist' and "
+ "'collection_class' arguments are absent from the "
+ "relationship(); please specify a "
+ "type annotation on the left hand side."
+ )
+ util.fail(api, msg.format(node.name), node)
+
+ if python_type_for_type is None:
+ return infer_type_from_left_hand_type_only(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+ elif left_hand_explicit_type is not None:
+ if type_is_a_collection:
+ assert isinstance(left_hand_explicit_type, Instance)
+ assert isinstance(python_type_for_type, Instance)
+ return _infer_collection_type_from_left_and_inferred_right(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type, python_type_for_type
+ )
+ else:
+ return _infer_type_from_left_and_inferred_right(
+ api,
+ node,
+ left_hand_explicit_type,
+ python_type_for_type,
+ )
+ else:
+ return python_type_for_type
+
+
+def _infer_type_from_decl_composite_property(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ stmt: AssignmentStmt,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Optional[ProperType],
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ """Infer the type of mapping from a Composite."""
+
+ assert isinstance(stmt.rvalue, CallExpr)
+ target_cls_arg = stmt.rvalue.args[0]
+ python_type_for_type = None
+
+ if isinstance(target_cls_arg, NameExpr) and isinstance(
+ target_cls_arg.node, TypeInfo
+ ):
+ related_object_type = target_cls_arg.node
+ python_type_for_type = Instance(related_object_type, [])
+ else:
+ python_type_for_type = None
+
+ if python_type_for_type is None:
+ return infer_type_from_left_hand_type_only(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+ elif left_hand_explicit_type is not None:
+ return _infer_type_from_left_and_inferred_right(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type, python_type_for_type
+ )
+ else:
+ return python_type_for_type
+
+
+def _infer_type_from_mapped(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ stmt: AssignmentStmt,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Optional[ProperType],
+ infer_from_right_side: RefExpr,
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ """Infer the type of mapping from a right side expression
+ that returns Mapped.
+
+
+ """
+ assert isinstance(stmt.rvalue, CallExpr)
+
+ # (Pdb) print(stmt.rvalue.callee)
+ # NameExpr(query_expression [sqlalchemy.orm._orm_constructors.query_expression]) # noqa: E501
+ # (Pdb) stmt.rvalue.callee.node
+ # <mypy.nodes.FuncDef object at 0x7f8d92fb5940>
+ # (Pdb) stmt.rvalue.callee.node.type
+ # def [_T] (default_expr: sqlalchemy.sql.elements.ColumnElement[_T`-1] =) -> sqlalchemy.orm.base.Mapped[_T`-1] # noqa: E501
+ # sqlalchemy.orm.base.Mapped[_T`-1]
+ # the_mapped_type = stmt.rvalue.callee.node.type.ret_type
+
+ # TODO: look at generic ref and either use that,
+ # or reconcile w/ what's present, etc.
+ the_mapped_type = util.type_for_callee(infer_from_right_side) # noqa
+
+ return infer_type_from_left_hand_type_only(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+
+
+def _infer_type_from_decl_column_property(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ stmt: AssignmentStmt,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Optional[ProperType],
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ """Infer the type of mapping from a ColumnProperty.
+
+ This includes mappings against ``column_property()`` as well as the
+ ``deferred()`` function.
+
+ """
+ assert isinstance(stmt.rvalue, CallExpr)
+
+ if stmt.rvalue.args:
+ first_prop_arg = stmt.rvalue.args[0]
+
+ if isinstance(first_prop_arg, CallExpr):
+ type_id = names.type_id_for_callee(first_prop_arg.callee)
+
+ # look for column_property() / deferred() etc with Column as first
+ # argument
+ if type_id is names.COLUMN:
+ return _infer_type_from_decl_column(
+ api,
+ stmt,
+ node,
+ left_hand_explicit_type,
+ right_hand_expression=first_prop_arg,
+ )
+
+ if isinstance(stmt.rvalue, CallExpr):
+ type_id = names.type_id_for_callee(stmt.rvalue.callee)
+ # this is probably not strictly necessary as we have to use the left
+ # hand type for query expression in any case. any other no-arg
+ # column prop objects would go here also
+ if type_id is names.QUERY_EXPRESSION:
+ return _infer_type_from_decl_column(
+ api,
+ stmt,
+ node,
+ left_hand_explicit_type,
+ )
+
+ return infer_type_from_left_hand_type_only(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+
+
+def _infer_type_from_decl_column(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ stmt: AssignmentStmt,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Optional[ProperType],
+ right_hand_expression: Optional[CallExpr] = None,
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ """Infer the type of mapping from a Column.
+
+ E.g.::
+
+ @reg.mapped
+ class MyClass:
+ # ...
+
+ a = Column(Integer)
+
+ b = Column("b", String)
+
+ c: Mapped[int] = Column(Integer)
+
+ d: bool = Column(Boolean)
+
+ Will resolve in MyPy as::
+
+ @reg.mapped
+ class MyClass:
+ # ...
+
+ a : Mapped[int]
+
+ b : Mapped[str]
+
+ c: Mapped[int]
+
+ d: Mapped[bool]
+
+ """
+ assert isinstance(node, Var)
+
+ callee = None
+
+ if right_hand_expression is None:
+ if not isinstance(stmt.rvalue, CallExpr):
+ return None
+
+ right_hand_expression = stmt.rvalue
+
+ for column_arg in right_hand_expression.args[0:2]:
+ if isinstance(column_arg, CallExpr):
+ if isinstance(column_arg.callee, RefExpr):
+ # x = Column(String(50))
+ callee = column_arg.callee
+ type_args: Sequence[Expression] = column_arg.args
+ break
+ elif isinstance(column_arg, (NameExpr, MemberExpr)):
+ if isinstance(column_arg.node, TypeInfo):
+ # x = Column(String)
+ callee = column_arg
+ type_args = ()
+ break
+ else:
+ # x = Column(some_name, String), go to next argument
+ continue
+ elif isinstance(column_arg, (StrExpr,)):
+ # x = Column("name", String), go to next argument
+ continue
+ elif isinstance(column_arg, (LambdaExpr,)):
+ # x = Column("name", String, default=lambda: uuid.uuid4())
+ # go to next argument
+ continue
+ else:
+ assert False
+
+ if callee is None:
+ return None
+
+ if isinstance(callee.node, TypeInfo) and names.mro_has_id(
+ callee.node.mro, names.TYPEENGINE
+ ):
+ python_type_for_type = extract_python_type_from_typeengine(
+ api, callee.node, type_args
+ )
+
+ if left_hand_explicit_type is not None:
+ return _infer_type_from_left_and_inferred_right(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type, python_type_for_type
+ )
+
+ else:
+ return UnionType([python_type_for_type, NoneType()])
+ else:
+ # it's not TypeEngine, it's typically implicitly typed
+ # like ForeignKey. we can't infer from the right side.
+ return infer_type_from_left_hand_type_only(
+ api, node, left_hand_explicit_type
+ )
+
+
+def _infer_type_from_left_and_inferred_right(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: ProperType,
+ python_type_for_type: ProperType,
+ orig_left_hand_type: Optional[ProperType] = None,
+ orig_python_type_for_type: Optional[ProperType] = None,
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ """Validate type when a left hand annotation is present and we also
+ could infer the right hand side::
+
+ attrname: SomeType = Column(SomeDBType)
+
+ """
+
+ if orig_left_hand_type is None:
+ orig_left_hand_type = left_hand_explicit_type
+ if orig_python_type_for_type is None:
+ orig_python_type_for_type = python_type_for_type
+
+ if not is_subtype(left_hand_explicit_type, python_type_for_type):
+ effective_type = api.named_type(
+ names.NAMED_TYPE_SQLA_MAPPED, [orig_python_type_for_type]
+ )
+
+ msg = (
+ "Left hand assignment '{}: {}' not compatible "
+ "with ORM mapped expression of type {}"
+ )
+ util.fail(
+ api,
+ msg.format(
+ node.name,
+ util.format_type(orig_left_hand_type, api.options),
+ util.format_type(effective_type, api.options),
+ ),
+ node,
+ )
+
+ return orig_left_hand_type
+
+
+def _infer_collection_type_from_left_and_inferred_right(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Instance,
+ python_type_for_type: Instance,
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ orig_left_hand_type = left_hand_explicit_type
+ orig_python_type_for_type = python_type_for_type
+
+ if left_hand_explicit_type.args:
+ left_hand_arg = get_proper_type(left_hand_explicit_type.args[0])
+ python_type_arg = get_proper_type(python_type_for_type.args[0])
+ else:
+ left_hand_arg = left_hand_explicit_type
+ python_type_arg = python_type_for_type
+
+ assert isinstance(left_hand_arg, (Instance, UnionType))
+ assert isinstance(python_type_arg, (Instance, UnionType))
+
+ return _infer_type_from_left_and_inferred_right(
+ api,
+ node,
+ left_hand_arg,
+ python_type_arg,
+ orig_left_hand_type=orig_left_hand_type,
+ orig_python_type_for_type=orig_python_type_for_type,
+ )
+
+
+def infer_type_from_left_hand_type_only(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ node: Var,
+ left_hand_explicit_type: Optional[ProperType],
+) -> Optional[ProperType]:
+ """Determine the type based on explicit annotation only.
+
+ if no annotation were present, note that we need one there to know
+ the type.
+
+ """
+ if left_hand_explicit_type is None:
+ msg = (
+ "Can't infer type from ORM mapped expression "
+ "assigned to attribute '{}'; please specify a "
+ "Python type or "
+ "Mapped[<python type>] on the left hand side."
+ )
+ util.fail(api, msg.format(node.name), node)
+
+ return api.named_type(
+ names.NAMED_TYPE_SQLA_MAPPED, [AnyType(TypeOfAny.special_form)]
+ )
+
+ else:
+ # use type from the left hand side
+ return left_hand_explicit_type
+
+
+def extract_python_type_from_typeengine(
+ api: SemanticAnalyzerPluginInterface,
+ node: TypeInfo,
+ type_args: Sequence[Expression],
+) -> ProperType:
+ if node.fullname == "sqlalchemy.sql.sqltypes.Enum" and type_args:
+ first_arg = type_args[0]
+ if isinstance(first_arg, RefExpr) and isinstance(
+ first_arg.node, TypeInfo
+ ):
+ for base_ in first_arg.node.mro:
+ if base_.fullname == "enum.Enum":
+ return Instance(first_arg.node, [])
+ # TODO: support other pep-435 types here
+ else:
+ return api.named_type(names.NAMED_TYPE_BUILTINS_STR, [])
+
+ assert node.has_base("sqlalchemy.sql.type_api.TypeEngine"), (
+ "could not extract Python type from node: %s" % node
+ )
+
+ type_engine_sym = api.lookup_fully_qualified_or_none(
+ "sqlalchemy.sql.type_api.TypeEngine"
+ )
+
+ assert type_engine_sym is not None and isinstance(
+ type_engine_sym.node, TypeInfo
+ )
+ type_engine = map_instance_to_supertype(
+ Instance(node, []),
+ type_engine_sym.node,
+ )
+ return get_proper_type(type_engine.args[-1])