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-# dialects/postgresql/json.py
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2024 the SQLAlchemy authors and contributors
-# <see AUTHORS file>
-#
-# This module is part of SQLAlchemy and is released under
-# the MIT License: https://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
-# mypy: ignore-errors
-
-
-from .array import ARRAY
-from .array import array as _pg_array
-from .operators import ASTEXT
-from .operators import CONTAINED_BY
-from .operators import CONTAINS
-from .operators import DELETE_PATH
-from .operators import HAS_ALL
-from .operators import HAS_ANY
-from .operators import HAS_KEY
-from .operators import JSONPATH_ASTEXT
-from .operators import PATH_EXISTS
-from .operators import PATH_MATCH
-from ... import types as sqltypes
-from ...sql import cast
-
-__all__ = ("JSON", "JSONB")
-
-
-class JSONPathType(sqltypes.JSON.JSONPathType):
- def _processor(self, dialect, super_proc):
- def process(value):
- if isinstance(value, str):
- # If it's already a string assume that it's in json path
- # format. This allows using cast with json paths literals
- return value
- elif value:
- # If it's already a string assume that it's in json path
- # format. This allows using cast with json paths literals
- value = "{%s}" % (", ".join(map(str, value)))
- else:
- value = "{}"
- if super_proc:
- value = super_proc(value)
- return value
-
- return process
-
- def bind_processor(self, dialect):
- return self._processor(dialect, self.string_bind_processor(dialect))
-
- def literal_processor(self, dialect):
- return self._processor(dialect, self.string_literal_processor(dialect))
-
-
-class JSONPATH(JSONPathType):
- """JSON Path Type.
-
- This is usually required to cast literal values to json path when using
- json search like function, such as ``jsonb_path_query_array`` or
- ``jsonb_path_exists``::
-
- stmt = sa.select(
- sa.func.jsonb_path_query_array(
- table.c.jsonb_col, cast("$.address.id", JSONPATH)
- )
- )
-
- """
-
- __visit_name__ = "JSONPATH"
-
-
-class JSON(sqltypes.JSON):
- """Represent the PostgreSQL JSON type.
-
- :class:`_postgresql.JSON` is used automatically whenever the base
- :class:`_types.JSON` datatype is used against a PostgreSQL backend,
- however base :class:`_types.JSON` datatype does not provide Python
- accessors for PostgreSQL-specific comparison methods such as
- :meth:`_postgresql.JSON.Comparator.astext`; additionally, to use
- PostgreSQL ``JSONB``, the :class:`_postgresql.JSONB` datatype should
- be used explicitly.
-
- .. seealso::
-
- :class:`_types.JSON` - main documentation for the generic
- cross-platform JSON datatype.
-
- The operators provided by the PostgreSQL version of :class:`_types.JSON`
- include:
-
- * Index operations (the ``->`` operator)::
-
- data_table.c.data['some key']
-
- data_table.c.data[5]
-
-
- * Index operations returning text (the ``->>`` operator)::
-
- data_table.c.data['some key'].astext == 'some value'
-
- Note that equivalent functionality is available via the
- :attr:`.JSON.Comparator.as_string` accessor.
-
- * Index operations with CAST
- (equivalent to ``CAST(col ->> ['some key'] AS <type>)``)::
-
- data_table.c.data['some key'].astext.cast(Integer) == 5
-
- Note that equivalent functionality is available via the
- :attr:`.JSON.Comparator.as_integer` and similar accessors.
-
- * Path index operations (the ``#>`` operator)::
-
- data_table.c.data[('key_1', 'key_2', 5, ..., 'key_n')]
-
- * Path index operations returning text (the ``#>>`` operator)::
-
- data_table.c.data[('key_1', 'key_2', 5, ..., 'key_n')].astext == 'some value'
-
- Index operations return an expression object whose type defaults to
- :class:`_types.JSON` by default,
- so that further JSON-oriented instructions
- may be called upon the result type.
-
- Custom serializers and deserializers are specified at the dialect level,
- that is using :func:`_sa.create_engine`. The reason for this is that when
- using psycopg2, the DBAPI only allows serializers at the per-cursor
- or per-connection level. E.g.::
-
- engine = create_engine("postgresql+psycopg2://scott:tiger@localhost/test",
- json_serializer=my_serialize_fn,
- json_deserializer=my_deserialize_fn
- )
-
- When using the psycopg2 dialect, the json_deserializer is registered
- against the database using ``psycopg2.extras.register_default_json``.
-
- .. seealso::
-
- :class:`_types.JSON` - Core level JSON type
-
- :class:`_postgresql.JSONB`
-
- """ # noqa
-
- astext_type = sqltypes.Text()
-
- def __init__(self, none_as_null=False, astext_type=None):
- """Construct a :class:`_types.JSON` type.
-
- :param none_as_null: if True, persist the value ``None`` as a
- SQL NULL value, not the JSON encoding of ``null``. Note that
- when this flag is False, the :func:`.null` construct can still
- be used to persist a NULL value::
-
- from sqlalchemy import null
- conn.execute(table.insert(), {"data": null()})
-
- .. seealso::
-
- :attr:`_types.JSON.NULL`
-
- :param astext_type: the type to use for the
- :attr:`.JSON.Comparator.astext`
- accessor on indexed attributes. Defaults to :class:`_types.Text`.
-
- """
- super().__init__(none_as_null=none_as_null)
- if astext_type is not None:
- self.astext_type = astext_type
-
- class Comparator(sqltypes.JSON.Comparator):
- """Define comparison operations for :class:`_types.JSON`."""
-
- @property
- def astext(self):
- """On an indexed expression, use the "astext" (e.g. "->>")
- conversion when rendered in SQL.
-
- E.g.::
-
- select(data_table.c.data['some key'].astext)
-
- .. seealso::
-
- :meth:`_expression.ColumnElement.cast`
-
- """
- if isinstance(self.expr.right.type, sqltypes.JSON.JSONPathType):
- return self.expr.left.operate(
- JSONPATH_ASTEXT,
- self.expr.right,
- result_type=self.type.astext_type,
- )
- else:
- return self.expr.left.operate(
- ASTEXT, self.expr.right, result_type=self.type.astext_type
- )
-
- comparator_factory = Comparator
-
-
-class JSONB(JSON):
- """Represent the PostgreSQL JSONB type.
-
- The :class:`_postgresql.JSONB` type stores arbitrary JSONB format data,
- e.g.::
-
- data_table = Table('data_table', metadata,
- Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),
- Column('data', JSONB)
- )
-
- with engine.connect() as conn:
- conn.execute(
- data_table.insert(),
- data = {"key1": "value1", "key2": "value2"}
- )
-
- The :class:`_postgresql.JSONB` type includes all operations provided by
- :class:`_types.JSON`, including the same behaviors for indexing
- operations.
- It also adds additional operators specific to JSONB, including
- :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.has_key`, :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.has_all`,
- :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.has_any`, :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.contains`,
- :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.contained_by`,
- :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.delete_path`,
- :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.path_exists` and
- :meth:`.JSONB.Comparator.path_match`.
-
- Like the :class:`_types.JSON` type, the :class:`_postgresql.JSONB`
- type does not detect
- in-place changes when used with the ORM, unless the
- :mod:`sqlalchemy.ext.mutable` extension is used.
-
- Custom serializers and deserializers
- are shared with the :class:`_types.JSON` class,
- using the ``json_serializer``
- and ``json_deserializer`` keyword arguments. These must be specified
- at the dialect level using :func:`_sa.create_engine`. When using
- psycopg2, the serializers are associated with the jsonb type using
- ``psycopg2.extras.register_default_jsonb`` on a per-connection basis,
- in the same way that ``psycopg2.extras.register_default_json`` is used
- to register these handlers with the json type.
-
- .. seealso::
-
- :class:`_types.JSON`
-
- """
-
- __visit_name__ = "JSONB"
-
- class Comparator(JSON.Comparator):
- """Define comparison operations for :class:`_types.JSON`."""
-
- def has_key(self, other):
- """Boolean expression. Test for presence of a key. Note that the
- key may be a SQLA expression.
- """
- return self.operate(HAS_KEY, other, result_type=sqltypes.Boolean)
-
- def has_all(self, other):
- """Boolean expression. Test for presence of all keys in jsonb"""
- return self.operate(HAS_ALL, other, result_type=sqltypes.Boolean)
-
- def has_any(self, other):
- """Boolean expression. Test for presence of any key in jsonb"""
- return self.operate(HAS_ANY, other, result_type=sqltypes.Boolean)
-
- def contains(self, other, **kwargs):
- """Boolean expression. Test if keys (or array) are a superset
- of/contained the keys of the argument jsonb expression.
-
- kwargs may be ignored by this operator but are required for API
- conformance.
- """
- return self.operate(CONTAINS, other, result_type=sqltypes.Boolean)
-
- def contained_by(self, other):
- """Boolean expression. Test if keys are a proper subset of the
- keys of the argument jsonb expression.
- """
- return self.operate(
- CONTAINED_BY, other, result_type=sqltypes.Boolean
- )
-
- def delete_path(self, array):
- """JSONB expression. Deletes field or array element specified in
- the argument array.
-
- The input may be a list of strings that will be coerced to an
- ``ARRAY`` or an instance of :meth:`_postgres.array`.
-
- .. versionadded:: 2.0
- """
- if not isinstance(array, _pg_array):
- array = _pg_array(array)
- right_side = cast(array, ARRAY(sqltypes.TEXT))
- return self.operate(DELETE_PATH, right_side, result_type=JSONB)
-
- def path_exists(self, other):
- """Boolean expression. Test for presence of item given by the
- argument JSONPath expression.
-
- .. versionadded:: 2.0
- """
- return self.operate(
- PATH_EXISTS, other, result_type=sqltypes.Boolean
- )
-
- def path_match(self, other):
- """Boolean expression. Test if JSONPath predicate given by the
- argument JSONPath expression matches.
-
- Only the first item of the result is taken into account.
-
- .. versionadded:: 2.0
- """
- return self.operate(
- PATH_MATCH, other, result_type=sqltypes.Boolean
- )
-
- comparator_factory = Comparator