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+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import secrets
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal
+
+from litestar.datastructures import Cookie, MutableScopeHeaders
+from litestar.enums import ScopeType
+from litestar.exceptions import ImproperlyConfiguredException
+from litestar.middleware.session.base import ONE_DAY_IN_SECONDS, BaseBackendConfig, BaseSessionBackend
+from litestar.types import Empty, Message, Scopes, ScopeSession
+from litestar.utils.dataclass import extract_dataclass_items
+
+__all__ = ("ServerSideSessionBackend", "ServerSideSessionConfig")
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+ from litestar import Litestar
+ from litestar.connection import ASGIConnection
+ from litestar.stores.base import Store
+
+
+class ServerSideSessionBackend(BaseSessionBackend["ServerSideSessionConfig"]):
+ """Base class for server-side backends.
+
+ Implements :class:`BaseSessionBackend` and defines and interface which subclasses can
+ implement to facilitate the storage of session data.
+ """
+
+ def __init__(self, config: ServerSideSessionConfig) -> None:
+ """Initialize ``ServerSideSessionBackend``
+
+ Args:
+ config: A subclass of ``ServerSideSessionConfig``
+ """
+ super().__init__(config=config)
+
+ async def get(self, session_id: str, store: Store) -> bytes | None:
+ """Retrieve data associated with ``session_id``.
+
+ Args:
+ session_id: The session-ID
+ store: Store to retrieve the session data from
+
+ Returns:
+ The session data, if existing, otherwise ``None``.
+ """
+ max_age = int(self.config.max_age) if self.config.max_age is not None else None
+ return await store.get(session_id, renew_for=max_age if self.config.renew_on_access else None)
+
+ async def set(self, session_id: str, data: bytes, store: Store) -> None:
+ """Store ``data`` under the ``session_id`` for later retrieval.
+
+ If there is already data associated with ``session_id``, replace
+ it with ``data`` and reset its expiry time
+
+ Args:
+ session_id: The session-ID
+ data: Serialized session data
+ store: Store to save the session data in
+
+ Returns:
+ None
+ """
+ expires_in = int(self.config.max_age) if self.config.max_age is not None else None
+ await store.set(session_id, data, expires_in=expires_in)
+
+ async def delete(self, session_id: str, store: Store) -> None:
+ """Delete the data associated with ``session_id``. Fails silently if no such session-ID exists.
+
+ Args:
+ session_id: The session-ID
+ store: Store to delete the session data from
+
+ Returns:
+ None
+ """
+ await store.delete(session_id)
+
+ def get_session_id(self, connection: ASGIConnection) -> str:
+ """Try to fetch session id from the connection. If one does not exist, generate one.
+
+ If a session ID already exists in the cookies, it is returned.
+ If there is no ID in the cookies but one in the connection state, then the session exists but has not yet
+ been returned to the user.
+ Otherwise, a new session must be created.
+
+ Args:
+ connection: Originating ASGIConnection containing the scope
+ Returns:
+ Session id str or None if the concept of a session id does not apply.
+ """
+ session_id = connection.cookies.get(self.config.key)
+ if not session_id or session_id == "null":
+ session_id = connection.get_session_id()
+ if not session_id:
+ session_id = self.generate_session_id()
+ return session_id
+
+ def generate_session_id(self) -> str:
+ """Generate a new session-ID, with
+ n=:attr:`session_id_bytes <ServerSideSessionConfig.session_id_bytes>` random bytes.
+
+ Returns:
+ A session-ID
+ """
+ return secrets.token_hex(self.config.session_id_bytes)
+
+ async def store_in_message(self, scope_session: ScopeSession, message: Message, connection: ASGIConnection) -> None:
+ """Store the necessary information in the outgoing ``Message`` by setting a cookie containing the session-ID.
+
+ If the session is empty, a null-cookie will be set. Otherwise, the serialised
+ data will be stored using :meth:`set <ServerSideSessionBackend.set>`, under the current session-id. If no session-ID
+ exists, a new ID will be generated using :meth:`generate_session_id <ServerSideSessionBackend.generate_session_id>`.
+
+ Args:
+ scope_session: Current session to store
+ message: Outgoing send-message
+ connection: Originating ASGIConnection containing the scope
+
+ Returns:
+ None
+ """
+ scope = connection.scope
+ store = self.config.get_store_from_app(scope["app"])
+ headers = MutableScopeHeaders.from_message(message)
+ session_id = self.get_session_id(connection)
+
+ cookie_params = dict(extract_dataclass_items(self.config, exclude_none=True, include=Cookie.__dict__.keys()))
+
+ if scope_session is Empty:
+ await self.delete(session_id, store=store)
+ headers.add(
+ "Set-Cookie",
+ Cookie(value="null", key=self.config.key, expires=0, **cookie_params).to_header(header=""),
+ )
+ else:
+ serialised_data = self.serialize_data(scope_session, scope)
+ await self.set(session_id=session_id, data=serialised_data, store=store)
+ headers.add(
+ "Set-Cookie", Cookie(value=session_id, key=self.config.key, **cookie_params).to_header(header="")
+ )
+
+ async def load_from_connection(self, connection: ASGIConnection) -> dict[str, Any]:
+ """Load session data from a connection and return it as a dictionary to be used in the current application
+ scope.
+
+ The session-ID will be gathered from a cookie with the key set in
+ :attr:`BaseBackendConfig.key`. If a cookie is found, its value will be used as the session-ID and data associated
+ with this ID will be loaded using :meth:`get <ServerSideSessionBackend.get>`.
+ If no cookie was found or no data was loaded from the store, this will return an
+ empty dictionary.
+
+ Args:
+ connection: An ASGIConnection instance
+
+ Returns:
+ The current session data
+ """
+ if session_id := connection.cookies.get(self.config.key):
+ store = self.config.get_store_from_app(connection.scope["app"])
+ data = await self.get(session_id, store=store)
+ if data is not None:
+ return self.deserialize_data(data)
+ return {}
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ServerSideSessionConfig(BaseBackendConfig[ServerSideSessionBackend]): # pyright: ignore
+ """Base configuration for server side backends."""
+
+ _backend_class = ServerSideSessionBackend
+
+ session_id_bytes: int = field(default=32)
+ """Number of bytes used to generate a random session-ID."""
+ renew_on_access: bool = field(default=False)
+ """Renew expiry times of sessions when they're being accessed"""
+ key: str = field(default="session")
+ """Key to use for the cookie inside the header, e.g. ``session=<data>`` where ``session`` is the cookie key and
+ ``<data>`` is the session data.
+
+ Notes:
+ - If a session cookie exceeds 4KB in size it is split. In this case the key will be of the format
+ ``session-{segment number}``.
+
+ """
+ max_age: int = field(default=ONE_DAY_IN_SECONDS * 14)
+ """Maximal age of the cookie before its invalidated."""
+ scopes: Scopes = field(default_factory=lambda: {ScopeType.HTTP, ScopeType.WEBSOCKET})
+ """Scopes for the middleware - options are ``http`` and ``websocket`` with the default being both"""
+ path: str = field(default="/")
+ """Path fragment that must exist in the request url for the cookie to be valid.
+
+ Defaults to ``'/'``.
+ """
+ domain: str | None = field(default=None)
+ """Domain for which the cookie is valid."""
+ secure: bool = field(default=False)
+ """Https is required for the cookie."""
+ httponly: bool = field(default=True)
+ """Forbids javascript to access the cookie via 'Document.cookie'."""
+ samesite: Literal["lax", "strict", "none"] = field(default="lax")
+ """Controls whether or not a cookie is sent with cross-site requests. Defaults to ``lax``."""
+ exclude: str | list[str] | None = field(default=None)
+ """A pattern or list of patterns to skip in the session middleware."""
+ exclude_opt_key: str = field(default="skip_session")
+ """An identifier to use on routes to disable the session middleware for a particular route."""
+ store: str = "sessions"
+ """Name of the :class:`Store <.stores.base.Store>` to use"""
+
+ def __post_init__(self) -> None:
+ if len(self.key) < 1 or len(self.key) > 256:
+ raise ImproperlyConfiguredException("key must be a string with a length between 1-256")
+ if self.max_age < 1:
+ raise ImproperlyConfiguredException("max_age must be greater than 0")
+
+ def get_store_from_app(self, app: Litestar) -> Store:
+ """Get the store defined in :attr:`store` from an :class:`Litestar <.app.Litestar>` instance"""
+ return app.stores.get(self.store)