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 - But Bible is replete with the commonplace becoming sublime, revealing the influence of God into everything - the everyday and sublime are inseparable
 - It is not important to understand the history of the texts because their influence on world was primarily in their completed form
 
+5. Song of Roland
+- Also exhibits parataxis to great extent on multiple levels
+- laisse parallel - scenes that echo each other (eg Ganelon being chosen as emissary, Roland being chosen as rearguard; captains of each army speaking)
+    - show similarities between christians and muslims
+    - simplified, static, worldview
+- laisse similaires - same verse repeated with very slight differences
+    - intensifying effect
+    - slowing down/zooming in
+    - nuance and different perspectives
+    - emphasis on changing portion
+    - literary effect of "returning to same point" or "regression" - halting of time
+- similarly, lines themselves are largely paratactic
+- "staccato" character - no flow, each line starts anew (regression helps w/ this)
+- generally in classical language, parataxis is low style, oral, comic, realistic whereas hypotaxis is elevated
+- but in Song of Roland, parataxis is elevated style, first, as only being concerned with aristocracy
+- In Bible - simple parataxis allows sublimity in brevity in contrast to immense questions and content
+- However, Song of Roland has no deep questions - everything has already been decided, simplified, stylized Christian worldview with no nuance
+    - "pagans are wrong and christians are right"
+    - Could not be called tragic
+- But medieval Frankish epics are not so - like Nibelungenlied - they still exhibit great diversity, emotion, lack of rigidification, and wider cosmos / philosophical questions
+- Yet religious chansons de gestes exhibit black-and-whiteness
+- However not due to being religious - Bible is anything but simple and lacking nuance.
+- Almost a series of independent scenes, not causally linked together, typification of characters like captains except for the main characters
+- Literature becomes signification
+- However, the rigidification allows brief moments/scenes of emotion and questioning, which are emphasized starkly in contrast to the rest of the stylized work
+- In other epic chanson d'alexis, vernacular french version, in the high scene of alexis leaving home, shows great emotion and philosophy, unlike the rest of the work,
+    - However the latin version is entirely rigid 100% with no emotion or questioning.
+    - Vernacular can be thought of as a freeing of rigidity imposed by early medieval Latin literature
+- But since early Christian literature was in no way rigid, what happened later?
+    - Spread of Christianity over a disparate geography and cultures required schematization of figures and stories to effectively communicate Christian ideas
+        - Also as it became older, the figures became less real and more historicized
+        - Similar to Christian art history
+    - Collapse of western Roman Empire led to rigidity and a desire for more clear answers, less nuance, almost paralysis
+        - Eventually became liberated through vernacular literature
+- Heroic epic *is* history, as it recalls historical conditions, although distorted
+
 20. To the Lighthouse
 - Focus on mundane events (like measuring stocking) leading to a deep movement of consciousness and psychology within
 - Fluidly moves perspective between individuals and locations and times